City of the Ocean and Surf in Biarritz

On sunny days and with a perfect beach break, Biarritz lives up to its reputation as a surfing mecca in Europe: countless surfers frolic in the water or are on their way there, sprinting along the promenade with their boards or transporting them, balancing them on their Vespas. Surfing on the French Atlantic coast began here in the 1950s, and the enthusiasm for the sport hasn't waned since. The fascination with the rolling sea also shapes Steven Holl's latest project, designed together with the architect and artist Solange Fabião: the "Cité de l’Océan et du Surf" (City of the Ocean and Surf), which rises from the newly landscaped green space on the southern edge of town, near the waterfront, between holiday homes and a golf course. The sculptural structure made of exposed concrete is inspired by the power and dynamism of the sea: like two opposing waves, concrete surfaces sweep upwards, framed by balustrades of frosted glass that shimmer like sea spray in the sunlight.

City of the Ocean and Surf in Biarritz
© Steven Holl Architects

In the "Valley of the Waves," visitors stroll across the building's roof to the entrance, passing two glass cubes housing a café-restaurant and a kiosk, which sit like rocks in the surf. The architects describe the design concept as "under the sky" and "under the sea": The concave roof creates a sheltered open-air space and focuses the view of the ocean. Inside, it spans the exhibition area as a convex ceiling, giving the impression of being beneath the "wave." It practically draws visitors down from the light-filled foyer into the unexpectedly large exhibition space. However, within this impressive volume of space, the placement of the exhibits appears rather arbitrary, and their design quite heterogeneous. As a scientific museum, the "Cité" aims to convey the ocean habitat interactively and playfully, employing films, touchscreens, and audio stations with state-of-the-art technology. Only one installation, a mini-tunnel with projections, is dedicated to the topic of surfing. But this is precisely where it becomes clear that real experiences are almost impossible to simulate, especially when spectacular surf spots are right on your doorstep.

The architecture, with its unusual yet clear design language, is all the more compelling. Its strong physical presence forms a counterpoint to the virtual worlds of the exhibition. The choice of materials reinforces this: smooth white surfaces unify the interiors into a spatial continuum, while a contrasting triad of glass, concrete, and the limestone paving of the roof emphasizes the sculptural exterior. The tactile surface of the exposed concrete, with its textile-like texture created by the OSB formwork panels, is particularly noteworthy. The wave-like building is embedded in the topography, which the architects also redesigned, allowing the structure and landscape to merge seamlessly. A large portion of the building volume is concealed below the edge of the terrain, and on the west side, the roof plaza transitions smoothly into the green space that leads to the sea.

Architecture
Steven Holl ­Architects
Location
avenue de la Plage, la Milady 1, 64200 Biarritz (FR)

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