For thirty years, the shaping of the most sensitive building element was left to mass manufacturers, engineers, and research institutes. The window (also glass wall and door), the surface of penetration and separation between the outside and inside worlds, the delicate eye of our building's physiognomy, was surrendered to the "standard-makers." The cast-iron workshop and stable windows of around 1850-1900—robust grilles, easily repaired in sections—were still as delicate as cobwebs. The elegant T-rolled profiles and "ascetic" steel windows of 1900-1950 have disappeared.
