As a result of the general availability of the raw materials used in its manufacture, its ample load-bearing qualities, its durability and its simple means of production, reinforced concrete became the number-one building material of the past century. In 2014, roughly 4.2 billion tonnes of cement, 28 billion tonnes of aggregate and 2.8 billion tonnes of water were used to create concrete. But that is also its drawback: no other material is responsible for a greater extraction of resources from the earth and for higher CO2 emissions.
