Buildings can only be heated and cooled efficiently if a large proportion of ambient heat and cold can be extracted from the outside air, the ground and the sun. However, there is usually one fundamental issue: the largest heat demand is at a time when outside temperatures and insolation are at their lowest. On the other hand, the greatest cooling demand usually coincides with the hottest summer days. For this reason clients, architects and building service engineers have been eager for the arrival of systems which are able to store heat from one season to the next with a minimum of energy loss.
