Open Source in Architecture
- Oliver Fritz, Alexander Michalski, Stefan Krötsch
The WikiHouse construction system, developed by Alistair Parvin and Nick Ieriodiaconou in 2011, takes an innovative approach to the democratisation of design and construction. The core of the concept is an Internet platform that makes open-source construction drawings available globally. From there, anyone can download cost-free CNC cutting files and construction guides for simple buildings, such as small single-family houses with ceiling spans up to 4.5 m. The datasets allow all the structural components to be automatically manufactured out of 18 mm thick, 2.50 × 1.25 m laminated veneer lumber (LVL) boards on simple 3-axis CNC routers. Two or three unskilled workers can assemble the elements using only rubber mallets. WikiHouse uses timber to timber connections only, with no steel parts, screws or nails. A British standard-based design of the structural components and their connections is available on the Internet. rnThis approach allows the system to be used worldwide because LVL boards and 3-axis routers can be found almost everywhere. However, the previous applications of the system pointed to restrictions, in particular in relation to longer spans, insulation, sealing and compliance with local building regulations. These limitations were the point of departure for further development at HTWG Konstanz University of Applied Sciences.
